托福听力考试中对语法的考察点

一.But引导的题型。基本每一套托福听力题中都会有几道这样的题型，解题关键是听懂but 后面的东西。but就是一个标志，听见but就该集中注意了，集中注意问题也就解决了。试看几例：

　　1.) A: Does this music bother your studying, Pam?

　　B: Actually I’m not studying any more, but I’m trying to sleep.

　　2.) A: Gee, Tom, I hear that you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the blazing sun all day.

　　B: Well, it’s hard work, but I get to be outdoors and the pay is decent.

　　3.) A:I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

　　B:I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn’t be surprised if you changed your mind.

　　二.回答一般疑问句题型。一般疑问句在英文中又被叫作Yes or No question，这是因为对这类问题的回答只有两种可能性，要么是yes, 要么是no, 此外别无选择。在实际做托福听力题时，此类题型的解题方法就是如果你听不懂第二个人说的话，你就按照否定第一人的问题去回答，于是你就会得到正确的答案。

　　A: I need to see a dermatologist. You are familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?

　　B: I have been seen by her a few times, and the best I can say for her is she has some interesting magazines in her waiting room.

　　这种题型还可以进一步推广，即当第一人除了说一个一般疑问句之外，还可以说出一个观点，一个建议，如果第二人说的话，你还是觉得不识庐山真面目时，不妨也采用这样的做题方法。

　　此类题型的例句举不胜举，再看几例：

　　1.) Did you meet the new teacher yesterday?

　　I’ve been sick for 3 days.

　　2.) Have you read this month’s issue of Inquiry?

　　What journal is that?

　　3.) Did you ask Shirley to go to the dance with you?

　　She is away at a conference until tomorrow.

　　4.) Were you able to get your own locker at the Gym?

　　They’re temporarily out of them. I’ve to check again next week.

　　5.) Do you think Janet will spend a week in the country with us，

　　Only if she can tear herself away from her books.

　　6.) Should I buy this exercise record for Linda for her birthday?

　　She already has the cassette.

　　7.) Will you come to my poetry reading next week?

　　I’ll be out of town then.

　　8.) Have you heard who won the election?

　　I missed the news and haven’t had time to read the paper

　　三.虚拟语气题型。又是一个托福听力题型中的必考内容，据小马过河专家的统计，每一套托福听力题中，必有两至三道虚拟语气题型。在托福听力中，考生需掌握以下几种常见的虚拟语气：

　　a) I wish…

　　b) If only…

　　c) 由if 引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

　　d) 由if 引导的与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

　　e) 虚拟语气的省略形式。

　　该种题型的掌握在于同学对虚拟语气现象和实质的准确认识。

　　四.习语题型。托福听力中最常见的题型就是习语题型。托福听力是口语，而习语的大量涌现正是口语区别于书面语的重要特征。因此，托福听力中习语的重要性可想而知。拿出任何一套托福题稍加研究，你就会发现，每套托福题中都会有好几道习语题。

　　以上四种托福听力题型都是关于语法的，对于大家在平时的准备复习具有十分重要的指导意义，所以大家可以在自己准备的时候就适当的增加语法的练习量，有针对性的逐一攻破。